Researchers at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) have developed a novel genome engineering method for precisely inserting large pieces of genetic information into plants. Published in Nature Biotechnology, this approach allows for targeted placement of large genes into plant genomes without creating DNA breaks, overcoming a long-standing challenge in the field. The method was successfully demonstrated in both tobacco and rice, opening new possibilities for agricultural biotechnology and synthetic biology. Why it matters: This advance could enable the development of more complex traits in crops for improved resilience and sustainable agriculture, and facilitate the use of plants as scalable platforms for producing therapeutics and other valuable compounds.
The Technology Innovation Institute (TII) in Abu Dhabi has launched a Biofoundry to advance R&D in synthetic biology, focusing on genetic engineering, metabolic engineering, and bioinformatics. The facility features high-throughput robotic systems, next-generation sequencing, and advanced computational tools. TII's Biofoundry is now part of the Global Biofoundry Alliance (GBA) to foster partnerships and address shared challenges. Why it matters: This initiative positions the UAE as a key player in synthetic biology, with potential breakthroughs across healthcare, agriculture, and environmental sustainability.
KAUST researchers have developed a green synthetic biology approach using engineered algae to replicate the complex fragrances of agarwood, also known as oudh. They catalogued the chemical diversity of sesquiterpenes (STPs) in 58 agarwood samples and reproduced some of the chemical complexity of agarwood STPs in algae using synthetic biology. The team used the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to produce nine distinct STP chemical products widely found in agarwood, offering a sustainable alternative to harvesting endangered trees. Why it matters: This research provides a sustainable route for producing sought-after fragrances, reducing pressure on endangered agarwood tree populations and promoting green chemistry in the region.
KAUST researchers have developed a new synthetic biology process using metabolically engineered algae to produce fragrant sesquiterpenoids, the core compounds in agarwood and other perfumes. The process, developed by the Lauersen and Szekely groups, achieved yields 25 times higher than previous methods and allows for the synthesis of 103 types of fragrant sesquiterpenoids. It also incorporates an energy-efficient nanofiltration step and operates at room temperature with minimal waste. Why it matters: This sustainable bioprocess offers a green alternative to environmentally damaging harvesting of natural resources for the $44 billion fragrance industry, with potential applications in drug development.
KAUST researchers are exploring the potential of algae for various high-value applications, including animal feed, crop fertilizers, and waste remediation. Claudio Grunewald directs a project focused on producing high-protein algae for agriculture. Kyle Lauersen brings expertise in algal synthetic biology and metabolic engineering. Why it matters: Investment in algae research and biotechnology could yield significant returns for Saudi Arabia, contributing to sustainable solutions and economic diversification.
KAUST alumnus Eduardo Gorron (M.S. '12) was recruited to KAUST in 2010 as part of its second cohort of students. After graduating, he worked at SABIC on microalgae and brine from seawater, later teaching in Colombia. Currently, Gorron is completing a Ph.D. at the University of Queensland, focusing on synthetic biology to produce recombinant collagen for accelerating wound healing. Why it matters: This highlights KAUST's role in fostering international scientific talent and contributing to advancements in biotechnology and healthcare.