A professor from Nanyang Technological University (NTU), Singapore gave a talk at MBZUAI about "Just-Noticeable Difference (JND)" models in visual intelligence. The talk covered visual JND models, research and applications, and future opportunities for JND modeling. JND can help tackle big data challenges with limited resources by focusing on user-centric and green systems. Why it matters: Exploring JND could lead to advancements in AI applications related to visual signal processing, image synthesis, and generative AI in the region.
Margaret Livingstone, a neurobiology professor at Harvard Medical School, lectured at KAUST's Winter Enrichment Program 2018 on how art can reveal insights into the human brain. She discussed how artists have long understood the independent roles of color and luminance in visual perception. Livingstone highlighted examples from Picasso, Monet, and Warhol to illustrate how artists manipulate visual cues. Why it matters: This interdisciplinary approach can potentially lead to new understandings of how the brain processes visual information and inform advances in both neuroscience and art.
KAUST Associate Professor Jürgen Kosel has been named a distinguished lecturer of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Sensors Council for 2020-2022. Kosel's research focuses on sensors and transducers with applications in animal monitoring, precision farming, Formula One racing, and biomedical instruments. His group is also developing magnetic devices for high-density data storage and cancer treatment. Why it matters: This recognition highlights KAUST's contributions to sensor technology and its potential impact on diverse fields, including healthcare in developing regions.
KAUST and the Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA) have partnered to develop a new method using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to detect adulterants in olive oil. The method aims to identify and quantify vegetable oils mixed with olive oil, addressing concerns about the mislabeling of olive oil in the Saudi market. KAUST's comprehensive suite of NMR machines was critical for the project. Why it matters: This collaboration enhances food safety and quality control in Saudi Arabia, a major olive oil importer, and helps to ensure consumers receive authentic, high-quality products.
KAUST researchers studied quantum dot (QD) solar cells, finding that QD size significantly impacts electron injection efficiency. Using femtosecond broadband transient absorption spectroscopy, they examined charge transfer between QDs and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). They demonstrated that smaller QDs with a bandgap larger than 1 eV facilitate electron transfer to PCBM upon light absorption. Why it matters: This work provides insights into optimizing QD solar cell design by tuning electron injection through QD size, potentially leading to more efficient and low-cost photovoltaic technologies.
Video motion magnification amplifies subtle movements in video footage, making the imperceptible visible across various fields. In healthcare, it allows non-invasive monitoring of vital signs and micro-expressions. In engineering, it helps detect structural vibrations in infrastructure, while also being used in sports science, security, and robotics. Why it matters: The technology's ability to reveal hidden details has the potential to revolutionize diagnostics, monitoring, and decision-making in diverse sectors across the Middle East.
A new paper coauthored by researchers at The University of Melbourne and MBZUAI explores disagreement in human annotation for AI training. The paper treats disagreement as a signal (human label variation or HLV) rather than noise, and proposes new evaluation metrics based on fuzzy set theory. These metrics adapt accuracy and F-score to cases where multiple labels may plausibly apply, aligning model output with the distribution of human judgments. Why it matters: This research addresses a key challenge in NLP by accounting for the inherent ambiguity in human language, potentially leading to more robust and human-aligned AI systems.
KAUST Ph.D. candidate Ahmed Alfadhel won the IEEE best research paper award for his work on artificial skin. The artificial skin design uses a flexible magnetic nano-composite cilia surface with a magnetic field sensing element. The device exhibits unprecedented flexibility due to the embedding of magnetic cilia and the sensing element in a polymeric surface. Why it matters: This research enables the development of cheaper, more versatile tactile sensors for health monitoring, robotics, and prosthetics, potentially advancing personalized healthcare and human-machine interfaces in the region.