The Autonomous Robotics Research Center (ARRC) is developing underwater communication systems, including a multimode modem prototype, and has filed three patents. One key technology is the Universal Underwater Software Defined Modem (UniSDM), which supports sound, magnetic induction, light, and radio waves. ARRC also developed a network management framework for automatic network slicing (ANS) of communication resources. Why it matters: These advancements are crucial for improving underwater exploration, industrial maintenance, and marine monitoring in the region, enabling more efficient and reliable communication for underwater robots.
KAUST researchers developed Aqua-Fi, a system for underwater wireless communication using lasers and off-the-shelf components. The system uses a Raspberry Pi as a modem to convert Wi-Fi signals to optical signals, enabling bi-directional communication. Using blue and green lasers, they achieved 2.11 megabits per second over 20 meters, compliant with IEEE 802.11 standards. Why it matters: This innovation could significantly improve underwater data transmission, benefiting applications such as environmental monitoring, underwater exploration, and communication with underwater devices.
KAUST researchers developed a hybrid wireless communication system for non-invasive monitoring of marine animals, consisting of a lightweight, flexible, Bluetooth-enabled tag that stores sensor data underwater. The tag syncs data to floating receivers when the animal surfaces, which then relays the data via GSM or drones. The system is a collaboration between the Red Sea Research Center and KAUST's electrical engineering department. Why it matters: This technology provides researchers with detailed, near real-time data about marine animals, overcoming the limitations of invasive and impractical traditional tagging methods.
Researchers from MBZUAI, Khalifa University, and Sorbonne University Abu Dhabi developed H-SURF, a system of underwater robotic fish that can swim, communicate, and gather information without human guidance. The robotic fish use bioinspired robotics with streamlined bodies, fins, and propellers to produce fluid movement. They communicate with each other using light instead of sound to reduce noise. Why it matters: This award-winning system represents a significant advancement in autonomous underwater robotics, offering a less intrusive way to monitor marine environments and gather data, with potential applications in marine biology and environmental research.
Researchers in Abu Dhabi developed H-SURF, a swarm of bio-inspired robotic fish for underwater data collection. Funded by the Technology Innovation Institute (TII) and conducted at Khalifa University, H-SURF uses swarm intelligence and optical communication to minimize disturbance to marine life. The project was recently recognized with the Sheikh Hamdan bin Zayed Award for Environmental Research.
KAUST, in collaboration with KSU and KFUPM, is working on a project initiated by the Saudi Communications, Space & Technology Commission (CST) to expand mobile communication coverage in remote areas of the Kingdom. The study explores utilizing the sub-700 MHz ultrahigh frequency (UHF) band, potentially reassigning it from television broadcast to mobile telecommunication networks. This band's long wavelength radio waves can travel further and penetrate obstacles more easily, reducing network infrastructure costs. Why it matters: This initiative could bridge the digital divide in Saudi Arabia by providing affordable mobile connectivity to underserved communities.
A KAUST-led meta-study published in Science examines the increasing ocean noise pollution from human activities like shipping and seismic blasting. The study synthesizes findings from 10,000 papers, revealing that anthropogenic noise interferes with marine animals' communication and ecological processes. The research highlights the need for policymakers to address this issue for ocean health and sustainable economies. Why it matters: Understanding and mitigating ocean noise pollution is crucial for preserving marine ecosystems and the biodiversity of the Red Sea.
A KAUST student blog post discusses optical wireless communications (OWC) as a solution to radio frequency exhaustion. OWC uses optical frequencies to carry electrical signals, offering advantages like high data rates and immunity to electromagnetic interference. Free-space optical (FSO) communication, a type of OWC, is applicable for inter-building connections and has seen use cases such as broadcasting during the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Why it matters: OWC research and deployment in the region can support high-bandwidth applications and provide cost-effective connectivity solutions, especially in challenging environments or disaster scenarios.