KAUST's Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC) is developing solar-powered seawater desalination technologies, including the MEDAD cycle which combines adsorption desalination (AD) and multi-effect distillation (MED). The MEDAD cycle, developed by Professor Kim Choon Ng, doubles water production at the same temperature, reducing costs to $0.48/m3 compared to $1.201/m3 for multi-stage flash distillation. A 100 m3/day commercial-scale MEDAD project was commissioned in Riyadh in 2017 in collaboration with KACST, and a larger 2,000 m3/day project is planned for Yanbu. Why it matters: This highlights Saudi Arabia's move towards sustainable energy and the role of research institutions like KAUST in developing cost-effective desalination technologies suitable for the region.
MEDAD, a KAUST spin-off, won the 2020 MEED Sustainability Medal for its "Innovative Hybrid Solar Desalination Cycle." The MEDAD hybrid cycle desalinates seawater using solar energy at 60-80 degrees Celsius, combining adsorption with multi-effect desalination. The cycle achieved performance levels of 20% of thermodynamic limits and a water production cost of $0.48/m3. Why it matters: This award recognizes the potential of KAUST-developed technology to address critical water scarcity challenges in the GCC region through sustainable and cost-effective desalination.
KAUST researchers are developing new solar desalination methods to increase efficiency and minimize heat losses, building on techniques dating back to Arab alchemists. KAUST Associate Professor Peng Wang and his team at the Water Desalination and Reuse Center are developing an innovative system that more efficiently vaporizes water using interfacial heating. The design uses a photothermal material to capture the entire spectrum of sunlight and convert it into heat with nearly 100% efficiency. Why it matters: This research could provide more sustainable and efficient methods for producing fresh water in arid regions like the Middle East.