KAUST startup Quantum Solutions manufactures quantum dots, semiconducting nanoparticles that emit light with controllable energy. These dots are being explored for applications including displays, photodetectors, and solar cells. Quantum dots can enhance the efficiency of silicon solar panels by absorbing infrared light. Why it matters: This highlights the potential of KAUST-incubated startups to contribute to advanced materials science and renewable energy technologies in the region.
KAUST researchers studied quantum dot (QD) solar cells, finding that QD size significantly impacts electron injection efficiency. Using femtosecond broadband transient absorption spectroscopy, they examined charge transfer between QDs and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). They demonstrated that smaller QDs with a bandgap larger than 1 eV facilitate electron transfer to PCBM upon light absorption. Why it matters: This work provides insights into optimizing QD solar cell design by tuning electron injection through QD size, potentially leading to more efficient and low-cost photovoltaic technologies.
Ghada Ahmed, a fourth-year Ph.D. student at KAUST's Solar Center, researches semiconductor nanocrystals under the supervision of Assistant Professor Omar Mohammed. Her work focuses on the colloidal synthesis of quantum dots and nanocrystals with controlled sizes and shapes. She aims to understand photogenerated charge carrier dynamics and reaction mechanisms to optimize energy-efficient devices. Why it matters: This research contributes to advancements in materials science and renewable energy technologies within the Kingdom.
Prof. Simon Gröblacher from Delft University of Technology presented a seminar on using mechanical systems in quantum information processing, focusing on their potential as quantum memories and transducers. The seminar highlighted experiments demonstrating non-classical behavior of mechanical motion by coupling a micro-fabricated acoustic resonator to single optical photons. Quantum control over acoustic motion was established, including the generation and readout of single phononic excitations, along with light-matter entanglement. Why it matters: This research advances the use of micro-fabricated acoustic resonators for quantum information processing and fundamental tests of quantum physics.
Communications Physics journal has a focus collection on space quantum communications. The collection covers supporting technologies, new quantum protocols, inter-satellite QKD, constellations of satellites, and quantum inspired technologies and protocols for space based communication. Contributions are welcome from October 20, 2020 to April 30, 2021, and accepted papers are published on a rolling basis. Why it matters: Space-based quantum communication is a critical area for developing secure, global quantum networks, and this collection could highlight relevant research for the GCC region as it invests in advanced technologies.
Dr. Giampiero Marchegiani from the Quantum Research Center (QRC) co-authored a paper in Nature Nanotechnology on bipolar thermoelectricity in Josephson junctions. The research demonstrates the generation of electrical current using heat, observing bipolar thermoelectricity where the device generates either positive or negative electrical signals without extra control. Integrating these junctions into a bipolar thermoelectric Josephson engine (BTJE) allowed the generation of up to ~140nW/mm2 of electric power at subkelvin temperatures. Why it matters: This BTJE engine may have applications in superconducting technology, potentially strengthening the UAE's position in quantum technologies.
Dr. Abdulla AlHajri, a Senior Researcher at the Quantum Research Center (QRC), co-authored a paper published in Nature Communications titled “Quantum Physics in Connected Worlds.” The research, conducted with scientists from the University of Oxford, investigated the impact of geometry and structure on fundamental system properties. It identified structures with unusual geometry capable of altering material magnetic properties uniquely. Why it matters: This publication highlights the growing quantum research capabilities in the UAE and QRC's contributions to cutting-edge physics.
KAUST's Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory (FuNL), led by Prof. Osman Bakr, focuses on synthesizing nanomaterials with novel optical, electronic, and magnetic properties for solar cells and other devices. The lab's research centers on controlling the size and composition of nanoparticles to optimize light absorption across different wavelengths. Unlike silicon-based solar cells, nanoparticle-based solar cells can be processed at low temperatures and potentially integrated with roll-to-roll printing. Why it matters: This research could lead to more efficient and versatile solar energy solutions, including printable photovoltaic thin films for buildings and flexible electronics.