A KAUST research team led by Prof. Osman Bakr developed a novel antisolvent vapor-assisted crystallization (AVC) method to grow high-quality, crack-free MAPbX3 perovskite single crystals at room temperature. The resulting crystals exceeded 100 mm3 in volume and exhibited exceptionally low trap-state density (approximately 10^9 – 10^10 cm-3). The crystal quality is comparable to high-quality single crystal silicon, but grown at much lower temperatures. Why it matters: This breakthrough allows for more accurate characterization of perovskite photovoltaic properties and can accelerate improvements in solar cell efficiency.
KAUST researchers have achieved a breakthrough by passing the damp-heat test for perovskite solar cells (PSCs), a rigorous assessment of their ability to withstand prolonged exposure to high humidity and temperatures. The team engineered 2D-perovskite passivation layers that block moisture and enhance power conversion efficiencies. The successful test, which requires maintaining 95% of initial performance after 1,000 hours at 85% humidity and 85 degrees Celsius, marks a significant step toward commercialization. Why it matters: This advancement addresses a critical weakness of PSCs and brings the technology closer to competing with silicon solar cells in terms of stability and longevity, crucial for widespread adoption of renewable energy.
KAUST researchers have developed an artificial electronic retina mimicking the behavior of rod retina cells, utilizing a hybrid perovskite material (MAPbBr3) embedded in PVDF-TrFE-CEF. The photoreceptor array, made of metal-insulator-metal capacitors, detects light intensity through changes in electrical capacitance. Connected to a CMOS-sensing circuit and a spiking neural network, the 4x4 array achieved around 70 percent accuracy in recognizing handwritten numbers. Why it matters: This research paves the way for energy-efficient neuromorphic vision sensors and advanced computer vision applications, potentially revolutionizing camera technology.
KAUST scientists developed a new perovskite solar cell design using thin perovskite layers at the top and bottom of the interface. The new design achieves a power conversion efficiency of 25.6%, comparable to silicon solar cells, with only a 5% efficiency loss after 1000 hours of high heat exposure. The key innovation is the use of a specific ligand that interacts effectively with the 3D perovskites for passivation, maintaining purity in the thin layers. Why it matters: This advancement enhances the stability and efficiency of perovskite solar cells, making them a more viable and cost-effective alternative to silicon, especially for countries like Saudi Arabia aiming to increase renewable energy reliance.
KAUST researchers have fabricated and tested high-efficiency perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells optimized for hot climates. The tandem device is more stable than conventional perovskite cells and optimized for industry use. Outdoor testing at KAUST confirmed performance improvements, indicating bromide-lean perovskite top cells with narrower bandgaps are ideal. Why it matters: The research demonstrates the viability of tandem silicon-perovskite cells in harsh environments, paving the way for more efficient solar technology in the region and globally.
KAUST researchers published a roadmap in Science for commercializing perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells, combining efficient light absorption with long-term stability. The roadmap addresses key challenges like real-world condition variability via geographical testing, accelerated stability testing, and high material costs. The researchers propose paradigms for both monolithic and mechanically stacked tandem production lines to identify cost-reduction opportunities. Why it matters: This work paves the way for affordable, accessible clean energy in Saudi Arabia and the world, with the market for perovskite/silicon tandems expected to exceed $10 billion within a decade.
KAUST researchers have demonstrated that incorporating tetrahydrotriazinium into perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells enhances both performance and stability. The additive increases hydrogen bonds in the perovskite film's crystal structure, improving power conversion efficiency to 33.7% and phase stability during testing under intense conditions. The improved cells showed more stability after 1500 hours of testing, modeling harsh environments. Why it matters: This research offers a pathway to more durable and efficient solar cells suitable for deployment in harsh climates like the Arabian Peninsula, potentially boosting renewable energy adoption in the region.
KAUST Professors Osman Bakr and Omar Mohammed have been awarded the Kuwait Prize 2021 in Condensed Matter Physics for their research on perovskite materials. Their work focuses on solar energy applications and high-energy radiation sensors. The prize, awarded by the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences, includes approximately $132,000 in funding. Why it matters: The recognition highlights the importance of materials science research in the GCC and the potential for regional contributions to global sustainable energy and medical technology advancements.