International ocean experts convened at COP25's Oceans Actions Day to discuss ocean and coastal climate actions, emphasizing their role in achieving sustainable development goals. Carlos Duarte, KAUST professor of marine science, highlighted the importance of conserving marine ecosystems like mangroves and seagrasses for carbon sequestration and coastal protection. He also noted Saudi Arabia's interest in promoting ocean and coastal climate actions under its G20 Presidency. Why it matters: The event underscores the crucial role of marine ecosystems in mitigating climate change and achieving global sustainability goals, with KAUST playing a prominent role in research and advocacy.
A KAUST-led international team has published research detailing the potential of marine-based solutions to combat climate change. The study assesses the effectiveness of 13 ocean-based measures, including reducing greenhouse gas concentrations and protecting marine ecosystems. The research will inform decision-makers at COP24. Why it matters: Highlighting the potential of ocean-based solutions can broaden the scope of climate action strategies in the region, where coastal environments and marine resources are vital.
A KAUST-led team used acoustic technology and net sampling to explore ocean depths in 146 locations worldwide. They found that the biomass of pelagic organisms in the deep sea is much larger than previously thought, especially below productive waters. Deep-sea fauna migrates to shallower areas to feed, transporting carbon to the deep sea. Why it matters: This suggests the ocean's carbon pump is more effective than previously understood, with implications for climate change mitigation strategies.
KAUST Discovery Professor Aranda's team has been researching coral adaptation to temperature and ocean acidification. The research is focused on the transgenerational aspect of this adaptation using controlled environments. The research has been ongoing for the past two years. Why it matters: Understanding the epigenetic mechanisms of climate resilience in corals is crucial for conservation efforts in the Red Sea and beyond.
Dr. Luiz Rocha from the California Academy of Sciences discussed the impact of climate change on coral reefs during a keynote lecture at KAUST. He highlighted the phenomenon of coral bleaching due to rising water temperatures and its devastating effects on marine ecosystems. Rocha also spoke about exploring mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs), or the "twilight zone," at depths of 60-150 meters. Why it matters: Understanding the impact of climate change on coral reefs and exploring deeper marine ecosystems is crucial for preserving marine biodiversity in the face of global warming.
Princess Hala bint Khalid bin Sultan discussed the Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation's marine preservation work at KAUST's Enrichment in the Fall program. The foundation focuses on research, education, and communication to preserve marine environments locally, regionally, and globally. Key projects include a five-year research expedition across 15 countries and the Mangroves Program in Jamaican and Bahamian schools. Why it matters: This highlights the ongoing efforts and commitment within Saudi Arabia to address critical environmental challenges in marine ecosystems through research and education.
A KAUST-led international study published in Nature outlines a roadmap for marine life to recover to full abundance by 2050. The study identifies "recovery wedges" consisting of six complementary interventions: protecting species, harvesting wisely, protecting spaces, restoring habitats, reducing pollution, and mitigating climate change. Researchers found evidence of marine life's resilience and a shift from losses to recovery in some areas. Why it matters: The study provides actionable recommendations for large-scale interventions to achieve a sustainable future for marine ecosystems in the Red Sea and globally.
A KAUST-led study published in Science found overwhelming evidence that man-made noise negatively impacts marine fauna and their ecosystems, disrupting behavior, physiology, and reproduction. The researchers assessed over 10,000 papers to demonstrate that noise pollution from shipping, fishing, and infrastructure development harms marine life from invertebrates to whales. They call for human-induced noise to be considered a prevalent stressor at the global scale and for policy to be developed to mitigate its effects. Why it matters: This research highlights the need to consider acoustic dimensions in ocean health restoration efforts, promoting management actions to reduce noise levels and allow marine animals to re-establish their use of ocean sound.