KAUST researchers have developed a method using high-intensity pulses of light to remove carbon-based organic micropollutants from wastewater. By using a pulsed light system previously used for semiconductor materials, the team dramatically accelerated the photodegradation treatment. The high-intensity pulsed light (HIPL) triggers decomposition of organic micropollutants (OMPs) with extraordinary degradation rates within milliseconds. Why it matters: This treatment offers a potentially scalable solution to the increasing environmental problem of OMPs in waterways, addressing a critical need in water treatment technologies for the region.
A KAUST-led team developed a nano-optical chip capable of generating and controlling nanoscale rogue waves. The chip, detailed in Nature Physics, uses a planar photonic crystal fabricated at the University of St. Andrews and tested at FOM Institute AMOLF. It enables unprecedented control over these rare, high-energy events, opening possibilities for energy research and environmental safety. Why it matters: This innovation provides a new platform for studying extreme events and potentially harnessing their energy, advancing both fundamental science and practical applications in areas like renewable energy and disaster prevention.
John Pantoja from the Directed Energy Research Center at TII presented a method to estimate the effects of high current impulses on electro-conductive textiles. The method uses specific action, a parameter to determine burst of exploding wires, and a new equivalent electrical circuit. The model estimates the current intensity needed to melt the conductive layer at contact areas between yarns, and is validated experimentally on ripstop woven fabrics. Why it matters: The research explores conductive fabrics for portable lightning protection shelters, potentially reducing lightning-related accidents in high-risk populations.
TII's Directed Energy Research Center (DERC) is now the first in the GCC to reproduce high-altitude electromagnetic pulses (HEMP) from nuclear reactions using its EMC labs, in partnership with Montena Technologies. The Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse Simulator allows local testing of critical infrastructure and electronics, reducing reliance on foreign facilities. DERC's capabilities will support government entities and industries in hardening equipment against international standards. Why it matters: This provides strategic autonomy and enhances the UAE's ability to protect critical infrastructure from electromagnetic threats, benefiting various sectors including emergency services, telecommunications, and finance.
The Directed Energy Research Center (DERC) at TII will participate in the 2021 Joint IEEE International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Signal & Power Integrity, and EMC Europe. DERC will present scientific papers and a tutorial on Nuclear Electromagnetic Pulse (NEMP) with ETS Lindgren, led by Dr. Nicolas Mora. Dr. Mora and Professor Farhad Rachidi will present a tutorial on High Altitude Electromagnetic Pulse (HEMP), Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP), and Intentional Electromagnetic Interference (IEMI). Why it matters: The participation highlights the UAE's growing expertise in electromagnetic compatibility and protection, particularly regarding critical infrastructure resilience against electromagnetic threats.
KAUST researchers have integrated a hexagonal boron nitride sheet into CMOS microchips, creating a hybrid 2D-CMOS microchip. This integration leverages the electrical and thermal properties of 2D materials, resulting in circuits that are smaller, more energy-efficient, and have longer lifespans. The KAUST Imaging and Characterization Core Lab contributed to the observations in this study, which involved researchers from six countries. Why it matters: This achievement represents a significant advancement in microchip miniaturization and performance, potentially impacting various electronic applications.
KAUST researchers have published a review paper in Science magazine covering memristor technology, comparing it to the original transistor. Dr. Mario Lanza is the lead author of the paper, which summarizes data supporting memristor technology readiness across materials and applications. The paper statistically shows the technical criteria for how memristors function in various configurations. Why it matters: Memristors could become the new switching technology standard, surpassing transistors in speed and operational efficiency, especially as current chip technology reaches its quantum limit in terms of size.
KAUST researchers are working on solutions to regional and global problems. A KAUST underwater glider completed 1,000 dives in the Red Sea. KAUST was ranked 19th globally in the Nature Index 2016 of top institutions for high-quality science. Why it matters: This illustrates KAUST's commitment to impactful research and its role as a leading scientific institution in the region.