This paper analyzes the energy consumption and carbon footprint of LLM inference in the UAE compared to Iceland, Germany, and the USA. The study uses DeepSeek Coder 1.3B and the HumanEval dataset to evaluate code generation. It provides a comparative analysis of geographical trade-offs for climate-aware AI deployment, specifically addressing the challenges and potential of datacenters in desert regions.
KAUST, ENOWA, and SEC are partnering on a pilot project to capture 30 tonnes of CO2 per day from SEC’s Green Duba power plant at NEOM, using cryogenic carbon capture technology. The captured carbon will be used for food and beverage applications and to produce e-fuels. Saudi Electricity Company will build and operate the pilot plant. Why it matters: This partnership demonstrates Saudi Arabia's commitment to decarbonization and showcases the potential of cryogenic carbon capture for reducing the Kingdom's carbon footprint.
KAUST researchers have developed polytriazole membranes for energy-efficient crude oil fractionation, as detailed in a recent Science Magazine paper. Led by Dr. Suzana Nunes and Dr. Stefan Chisca, the team created membranes that can withstand harsh industrial conditions like high temperatures and organic solvents. The membranes offer a low-carbon footprint alternative to traditional separation techniques like distillation. Why it matters: This innovation could significantly reduce energy consumption and promote a circular carbon economy in the petrochemical industry within the GCC region and beyond.
KAUST and Aramco have developed a one-step crude-to-chemicals (C2C) technology that converts crude oil to light olefins in a single-reactor system. The technology, published in Nature Catalysis, aims to maximize the production of materials used in daily life over fuels. Aramco is pursuing growth opportunities in petrochemicals using the C2C method. Why it matters: The C2C breakthrough aligns with Saudi Vision 2030 and could reduce the carbon footprint associated with oil use, creating jobs and supporting a thriving economy.
Professor Mérouane Debbah, Chief Researcher at AIDRC, and his co-authors received the 2022 IEEE TAOS TC Best GCSN Paper Award for their work on federated quantized neural networks. The paper, presented at IEEE ICC 2022, explores the tradeoff between energy, precision, and accuracy in these networks. The research proposes an optimal quantization level to minimize energy consumption during training, making it less prohibitive for mobile devices. Why it matters: The award recognizes work that reduces the carbon footprint of large-scale AI systems, a key challenge for sustainable AI deployment in the region and globally.
KAUST is developing portable, containerized cryogenic carbon capture (CCC) technology for industrial emissions reduction. The system captures CO2 and SO2, offering a modular design for ships and other applications, with post-processing done onshore. KAUST and SEC launched a demonstration exercise in November 2024 showcasing the technology. Why it matters: This innovation could significantly reduce the carbon footprint of industries and maritime transport in line with Saudi Arabia's sustainability goals.
KAUST Professor Suzana Nunes has been named a 2023 L'Oréal-UNESCO For Women in Science Laureate for Africa and the Arab States. She was recognized for her work developing nanomaterials for molecule separation with a low carbon footprint. Nunes' work focuses on synthesizing membranes with nanopores to reduce energy demands in manufacturing, aligning with Saudi Arabia’s sustainability goals. Why it matters: This award highlights the Kingdom's growing support for women in science and recognizes impactful research aligned with national sustainability goals.
KAUST, KACST, and RDI co-organized the Future of Semiconductors Forum 2023, held at KAUST on May 15-18, featuring 36 speakers from leading research institutes, universities, and companies. Nobel Prize Laureate Dr. Shuji Nakamura and Minister of Investment Eng. Kahlid Al Falih headlined the event, emphasizing the importance of semiconductors in various sectors, including AI and renewable energy. NEOM's Dr. Donal Bradley highlighted the need for energy-efficient semiconductor innovations to support NEOM's vision and reduce carbon footprint. Why it matters: The forum underscores Saudi Arabia's commitment to becoming a global leader in semiconductor technology, fostering local expertise and attracting international investment in this critical sector.