KAUST's Laboratory of Stem Cells and Diseases, led by Assistant Professor Antonio Adamo, uses induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to model diseases like diabetes. The lab employs a reprogramming technique to revert patient fibroblasts into iPSCs, enabling the study of disease progression in vitro. Adamo's research focuses on enzymes and disregulated transcriptional/epigenetic mechanisms to understand disease onset. Why it matters: This research contributes to regenerative medicine and offers insights into metabolic diseases relevant to the GCC region.
The Russian Immune Diversity Atlas project aims to profile immune cells from people of different ancestries at a multiomics level. The goal is to reconstruct a reference atlas of the healthy immune system and investigate its perturbations in Type II Diabetes (T2D). The project seeks to identify novel mechanisms and genetic/epigenetic markers for early T2D diagnostics, prognosis, and therapy as part of the international Human Cell Atlas. Why it matters: Addressing genetic diversity in biomedical research, particularly in the context of the Human Cell Atlas, is crucial for personalized medicine and ensuring that treatments are effective across diverse populations in the Middle East and globally.
KAUST and Saudi healthtech company amplifAI health have signed an MoU to develop a new disease detection system. The system will combine amplifAI's AI technology with KAUST's HyplexTM hyperspectral imaging, initially for diabetic foot complications. Clinical trials are planned, with aims to reduce amputations and save Saudi Arabia over 2 billion Riyals annually. Why it matters: This partnership showcases the potential of combining Saudi AI and advanced imaging technologies to address pressing healthcare challenges in the region, particularly diabetes.
KAUST postdoctoral fellow Elisabetta Fiacco won the Best Poster Prize at the Spetses Summer School 2018 on Chromatin and Metabolism for her research on the role of carbohydrate-responsive element binding protein (ChRBP) during the onset of type 2 diabetes. Fiacco's research at KAUST, under Assistant Professor Antonio Adamo, uses human induced pluripotent stem cells to understand the epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms dysregulated in type 2 diabetes. She also gave a 15-minute oral presentation on her work at the event, which gathered over 80 participants from top global universities. Why it matters: This recognition highlights KAUST's contribution to cutting-edge research in regenerative medicine and the study of metabolic disorders prevalent in the region.
Professor Eran Segal presented The Human Phenotype Project, a longitudinal cohort study with over 10,000 participants. The project aims to identify molecular markers and develop prediction models for disease using deep profiling techniques including medical history, lifestyle, blood tests, and microbiome analysis. The study provides insights into drivers of obesity, diabetes, and heart disease, identifying novel markers at the microbiome, metabolite, and immune system level. Why it matters: Such large-scale phenotyping initiatives could inform personalized medicine approaches relevant to the Middle East's specific health challenges.
MBZUAI researchers co-led a study published in Nature demonstrating that GluFormer, an AI foundation model trained on continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data, more accurately predicts long-term diabetes and cardiovascular risk than current clinical standards. GluFormer, built on a transformer architecture and trained using NVIDIA AI infrastructure on over 10 million CGM measurements, forecasts individual health risks using short-term glucose dynamics. In a 12-year follow-up, the model captured 66% of new-onset diabetes cases and 69% of cardiovascular-death events in its highest-risk group, outperforming established CGM-derived metrics across 19 external cohorts. Why it matters: The development of GluFormer represents a significant advancement in personalized healthcare, enabling proactive and individualized health strategies through the analysis of dynamic glucose data.
Professor Jeffrey Sachs of Columbia University gave a keynote at KAUST's Winter Enrichment Program (WEP) 2022 on "resilience." He emphasized the need to end greenhouse gas emissions by mid-century through decarbonizing the energy system. Sachs highlighted the importance of science and technology solutions, especially in adapting to climate change. Why it matters: The talk underscores the importance of KAUST's research initiatives, such as the Circular Carbon Initiative, in developing technologies for carbon capture and utilization, aligning with Saudi Arabia's net-zero targets.
MBZUAI researchers are working on digital twin technology that can replicate human beings in detail, with real-time data flow between the physical and virtual. This project aims to extend digital twins from objects to organic entities like humans, plants and animals. The technology mines data from cameras, sensors, wearables, and other sources to predict health issues before they arise. Why it matters: This research has the potential to transform healthcare by enabling the prediction and prevention of health issues.