KAUST researchers, in collaboration with WHOI, studied whale shark movement patterns near the Shib Habil reef in the Red Sea over six years using visual census, acoustic monitoring, and satellite telemetry. The study monitored 84 sharks and found the aggregation to be highly seasonal, with sharks most abundant in April and May, returning yearly. The site may serve as a nursery for the wider Indian Ocean population, attracting juvenile females, which is unique to Shib Habil. Why it matters: Understanding whale shark behavior and critical habitats like Shib Habil is vital for future conservation efforts of this endangered species in the Red Sea and the broader Indian Ocean.
KAUST alumnus Hussain Shibli (M.S. '13) is now the director general at the National Renewable Energy Data Center in King Abdullah City for Atomic and Renewable Energy (KACARE). Shibli obtained a bachelor's degree in electronics and communications engineering from King Abdulaziz University in 2010 before pursuing his master's at KAUST. He sees his position in the energy sector as an opportunity to lead renewable energy development in line with Saudi Vision 2030. Why it matters: This highlights KAUST's role in developing talent for key positions in Saudi Arabia's renewable energy sector, aligning with the Kingdom's strategic goals.
A study investigated language shift from Tibetan to Arabic among Tibetan families who migrated to Saudi Arabia 70 years ago. Data from 96 participants across three age groups revealed significant intergenerational differences in language use. Younger members rarely used Tibetan, while older members used it slightly more, with a p-value of .001 indicating statistical significance.
Adel Bibi, a KAUST alumnus and researcher at the University of Oxford, presented his research on AI safety, covering robustness, alignment, and fairness of LLMs. The research addresses challenges in AI systems, alignment issues, and fairness across languages in common tokenizers. Bibi's work includes instruction prefix tuning and its theoretical limitations towards alignment. Why it matters: This research from a leading researcher highlights the importance of addressing safety concerns in LLMs, particularly regarding alignment and fairness in the Arabic language.
KAUST founding alumnus Ahmad Showail has been awarded a Fulbright Scholarship to conduct IoT research at UC Irvine with Dr. Faisal Nawab. Showail, who earned master's and Ph.D. degrees from KAUST, submitted a proposal on secure and private Internet-of-Things using SGX cloud architecture. He credits KAUST with shaping him as a researcher and helping him develop skills in writing journal papers and pursuing impactful issues. Why it matters: This award highlights the quality of KAUST graduates and the potential for KAUST alumni to contribute to solving challenges in Saudi Arabia, such as managing crowd movements during Hajj and Umrah.
KAUST Ph.D. student Adel Bibi is researching how to bridge the gap between theory and practice in deep learning, focusing on the mathematical understanding of deep learning models. Bibi is currently interning at Intel in Munich and previously worked on various computer vision problems. He aims to use optimization and mathematics to better understand deep learning models and build better models systematically from theory. Why it matters: This research contributes to the fundamental understanding of deep learning, potentially leading to more efficient and reliable AI systems developed in the region.
The paper introduces a two-step approach for transliterating Judeo-Arabic text (written in Hebrew script) into Arabic script. The method involves character-level mapping followed by post-correction to fix grammatical and orthographic errors. The authors also benchmarked LLMs on the transliteration task and demonstrate that transliteration enables the use of Arabic NLP tools on Judeo-Arabic. Why it matters: This work makes Judeo-Arabic texts more accessible to Arabic NLP, enabling processing and analysis that was previously impossible.
Sahika Inal is an assistant professor of bioscience at KAUST's Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division. She is a faculty member at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology. Why it matters: This highlights KAUST's ongoing investment in attracting research talent in bioscience.