KAUST researchers from the Red Sea Research Center are studying mesophotic reefs (40-150m deep) as potential climate refuges for corals threatened by marine heatwaves. These deeper reefs experience less heat and light stress compared to shallow-water corals. Advanced tools like submarines and robots are now enabling the study of these previously neglected ecosystems. Why it matters: Understanding the resilience of Red Sea corals could provide crucial insights for global coral reef conservation strategies amid climate change.
KAUST researchers have conducted the first measurements of deep-sea corals in the Red Sea. They retrieved specimens of three different species at depths of 300-750 meters and temperatures exceeding 20 degrees Celsius. This discovery challenges the existing understanding that deep-sea corals are exclusive to cold-water environments. Why it matters: The research expands known ecosystem boundaries for deep-sea corals and demonstrates their resilience in warm, nutrient-poor waters, offering new insights into marine biodiversity and adaptation.
The KAUST Reefscape Restoration Initiative (KRRI) observed the first-ever mass synchronized coral spawning in the northern Red Sea at NEOM’s Shushah Island. In March 2023, KRRI launched on-the-reef restoration work at Shushah, propagating nearly 5,000 corals from a dozen species, nearly half of their 2023 annual target. KRRI is testing various coral propagation techniques and nursery designs, aiming to produce half a million corals per year. Why it matters: This initiative is a major step towards coral reef restoration in the Red Sea, aligning with Saudi Arabia's sustainable development goals.
KAUST scientists have successfully expanded coral spawning through controlled systems, producing approximately two million eggs from six coral species this season to support reef research. Researchers at KAUST's Coastal and Marine Resources (CMR) Core Lab developed facilities that replicate environmental signals to trigger spawning beyond natural seasonal cycles, enabling year-round access to gametes and larvae. This program represents the first successful implementation of shifted phase coral spawning in Saudi Arabia. Why it matters: This breakthrough provides unprecedented opportunities for advancing Red Sea reef restoration and marine science, allowing for continuous study of coral early-life resilience.